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Hinduism is a longstanding spiritual tradition that was founded in India sometime prior to 2500 BC, making it one of the world’s oldest living religions. With more than one billion modern adherents, it is also one of the world’s most widely practiced religions. Because it lacks a clear founder, a single scripture, or even a commonly agreed-upon set of beliefs and teachings, Hinduism stands apart from other major world religions, such as Christianity or Buddhism. Hinduism is also unique in that it is neither distinctly monotheistic nor polytheistic. Rather, Hindus believe in an absolute reality called Brahman, the various aspects of which are revealed through a vast array of deities. For these and other reasons, Hinduism, much like Buddhism, is typically viewed more as a way of life than as an organized religion.

Theistic

Founded: between 2300 BCE and 1500 BCE

Origin: Indus Valley, Ancient India

Sacred Texts: The Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad Gita, and many others

Followers: Hindus

Current Population: 1.15 billion