Research & Referencing
How to reference audio visual material.
Referencing a Film
Creating a References List
Film
Producer's Surname, Initials. (Position), & Director's Surname, Initials. (Position). (Year). Title [Medium of recording]. Place of Origin: Studio or Distributor.
e.g. Grazer, B. (Producer), & Howard, R. (Director). (2001). A beautiful mind [Motion picture]. USA: Universal Studios.
In-text: (Grazer & Howard, 2001)
Television Programme
Producer's surname, Initials. (Producer). (Year, Month Day). Title [Television broadcast]. Place of Origin: Studio or Distributor.
e.g. Crystal, L. (Executive Producer). (1993, October 11). The MacNeil/Lehrer news hour [Television broadcast]. New York and Washington, DC: Public Broadcasting Service.
In-text: (Crystal, 1993)
Television Series
Producer's surname, Initials. (Producer). (Year). Title [Television series]. Place of Origin: Studio or Distributor.
e.g. Kring, T. (Producer). (2008). Heroes [Television series]. Melbourne, Vic.: Seven Corporation.
In-text: (Kring, 2008)
Episode of Television Series
Writer's surname, Initials. (Writer), & Director's surname, Initials. (Director). (Year). Episode title [Television series episode]. In Producer's initials and surname (Producer), Title of series. Place of Origin: Studio or Distributor.
e.g. Emery, T. (Director). (2004). The mango espadrille [Television series episode]. In G. Riley & J Turner (Producers), Kath & Kim. Melbourne, Vic.: ABC Television.
In-text: (Emery, 2004)
e.g. Bourke, M. (Writer), & Nasht, S. (Writer). (2012, April 26). The climate debate [Television series episode]. In P. McEvoy (Executive Producer), Q&A. Ultimo, NSW: ABC Television.
In-text: (Bourke & Nasht, 2012)
Video Podcast
Producer. (Producer). (Year, Month Day). Title of Podcast [Video podcast]. Retrieved from URL
e.g. National Geographic Society. (Producer). (2008, May 19). Chimp memory beats humans' [Video podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.podanza.com/podcast/national-geographic-video-shorts/42ac4d6d3d12b6ad80303e9f6556d4a0/
In-text: (National Geographic Society, 2008)
e.g. Holland, A. (Producer), & Harris, H. (Director). (2008, June 12). Bog man [Video podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/2272392.htm
In-text: (Holland & Harris, 2008)
Audio Podcast
Podcaster's Surname, Initials. (Year, Month Day). Title of Podcast [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from URL
e.g. Hutcheon, J. (2008, June 15). Jane Hutcheon reflects on life in London [Audio podcast]. Retrieved from http://www.abc.net.au/correspondents/content/2008/s2274772.htm
In-text: (Hutcheon, 2008)
Sound Recording
Sound recording
Writer, A. (copyright year). Title [Medium of recording]. Location: Label.
e.g. Mahler, G. (1989). Symphony no. 1 in D Major: Titan [CD]. Germany: Deutsche Grammophon.
In-text: (Mahler, 1989)
Track from sound recording
Writer, A. (copyright year). Title of the song or music [Recorded by B. B. Artist if different from writer]. On Title of album [Medium of recording]. Location: Label. (date of recording if different from copyright date)
e.g. Williamson, J. (2003). The last of the pioneers. On Home among the gum trees [CD]. Pyrmont, NSW: EMI Australia.
In-text: (Williamson, 2003, track 5)
Computer Software
Do not italicise the names of software, programs, or languages. Use title case.
Author
Writer, Initials. (Year). Title (Version) [Medium of software]. Retrieved from URL
e.g. Scott, C. (2011). Treasure hunt - the interactive boardgame (Version 1.1) [Computer software]. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/treasure-hunt-the-interactive/id4425986640?mt=8
In-text: (Scott, 2011)
e.g. Skyscape, (2011). Skyscape Medical Resources (Version 1.14.8) [Mobile application software]. Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/id293170168?mt=8&ign=uo%3D4
In-text: (Skyscape, 2011)
No author
Title (Version) [Computer software]. (Year). Retrieved from URL
e.g. Pages (Version 1.5) [Computer software]. (2011). Retrieved from http://itunes.apple.com/us/pages/id361309726?mt=8&ls=1
In-text: (Pages, 2011)